Torun Lindholm
Professor
Short Presentation
I received my PhD from the Department of Psychology at Stockholm University in 1999, and was appointed Associate Professor at the same department in 2005. My thesis, entitled “Group membership and eyewitness testimony”, concerned how eyewitness accounts of a violent crime were affected by the group membership (based on ethnicity and gender) of victim, perpetrator, and witness. These issues were examined by a series of experimental simulations of crime scenarios.
After finishing my thesis, I have held senior lectureships in psychology at the Department of Social Sciences at Mälardalen University an, since 2007, at Stockholm University. I have also been a guest lecturer at the Department of Psychology, California State University, Fresno, and a research fellow at the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences (SCASSS).
I have several ongoing research projects (described below). My interest in group-based biases can be traced in most of them, but there are also some projects that focus on other fascinating areas of psychology.
Teaching
Currently, I teach courses at Stockholm University in social psychology, and in psychology and law. I have also administered several courses in cognitive psychology both at Stockholm University and at Mälardalen University.
Research
1) Group-based biases in legal and academic settings
This program includes several sub-projects that focus on how an individual’s group membership (based on ethnicity, gender, or age) may affect judgments and memory in the legal setting as well as performance in the academic context.
Eyewitness credibility judgments
Aim: The overall aim of this project is to study group-based biases and validity in eyewitness credibility judgments. A further issue of the project is to investigate whether testimony presentation modality (videotape/text transcript) may moderate validity as well as biases in these judgments.
Own-group biases in person memory
Aim: There is ample evidence that people are better at recognizing faces of persons from their own group (based on race, age, or gender) as compared to other-group faces. The purpose of the present project is two-fold; First, we study whether this own-group effect in face recognition generalizes to verbal person memory. Second, we test alternative mechanisms behind the phenomenon.
Collaborators: Associate professor Agneta Herlitz, Aging Research Centre (ARC); PhD Jenny Rehnman, ARC.
Group membership and conformity in legal and medical decision-making
Aim: The project examines the effects of group membership on conformity and on cognitive processes during legal and medical decision-making.
Collaborator: PhD Student Jenny Yourstone, Stockholm University, MD Associate Professor Rickard Sjöberg, Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University and Umeå University Hospital, Professor Kimmo Eriksson, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Mälardalen University.
Memory conformity in eyewitness situations: Causal inferences and schematic gap-filling errors
Aim: Research has shown that individuals who witness and then discuss a crime sequence, can influence each other's memories of the event. The current project investigates whether conformity effects in eyewitness memory may be moderated by schematic relevance of the witnessed information.
Collaborators: Professor Amina Memon, University of Aberdeen, Professor Kimmo Eriksson, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Mälardalen University.
Stereotype threat and gender differences in math performance
Research show that negative group stereotypes can decrease the performance of women on math tests. This project studies such stereotype threat effects in the Swedish context. Potential moderating factors of the effect are investigated.
Collaborators: Professor Kimmo Eriksson, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Mälardalen University (MDH).
2) Forms of decision-making in school: Effects on cognitive processes and perceived justice
The project studies forms of decision-making in school and their consequences for consolidation of and perceived justice of the decision. In this project, existing theories of decision-making within political science and psychology are tested and refined to apply to existing school organizations.
Collaborators: PhD Student Emma Bäck, Stockholm University, Professor Peter Esaiasson, and Professor Mikael Gilljam, Department of political Science, Gothenburg University.
3) Preverbal children’s memories for distressing medical procedures
Aim: The overall aim of this project is to study how preverbal children remembers and communicate memories of distressing medical procedures.
Collaborators: Associate Professor Frank Lindblad (National Institute for Psychosocial medicine; Med.Dr., Chief Physician Christophe Pedroletti; Chief Physician Anders Boman; Associate Professor, Chief Physician Gunnar Olsson (Astrid Lindgren’s Children’s Hospital); MD, Med. Dr. Rickard Sjöberg, Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University and Västerås Central Hospital.
Publications
Sök Lindholms abstracts i Annual Report.
Hirvikoski, T., Lindholm, T., Lajic, S., & Nordenström, A. (in press). Gender role behaviour in prenatally dexamethasone treated children at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Acta Paediatrica.
Bäck, E., Esaiasson, P., Gilljam, M., & Lindholm, T. (in press). Post-decision consolidation in large group decision-making: The role of decision procedure, decision outcome, and group identification. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology.
Hirvikoski, T., Olsson, E.M.G., Nordenström, A., Lindholm, T., Nordström, A-L., & Lajic, S, & (2011). Deficient cardiovascular stress reactivity predicts poor executive functions in adults with ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder). Journal of Experimental and Clinical Neuropsychology, 33, 63 - 73.
Lindholm, T., & Yourstone, J. (2010). Ethnicity- and gender biases in the courtroom: International and Nordic findings. In P.-A. Granhag (Ed.) Forensic Psychology in context: Nordic and International approaches. (pp. 228-246). Devon, United Kingdom: Willan Publishing.
Gilljam. M., Esaiasson, P., & Lindholm, T. (2010). Opening up the black box of pupil influence: An experimental comparison between decisions made by elected pupil councils, by pupils in referenda, and by the teaching staff. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 22, 73-88.
Bäck, E., Esaiasson, P., Gilljam, M., & Lindholm, T. (2010). Biased attributions regarding the origins of preferences in a group decision situation. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 270-281.
Sjöberg, R. L., & Lindholm, T. (2009). Children's autobiographical reports about sexual abuse: A narrative review of the research literature. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 63, 435-442.
Svenson, O., Salo, I., & Lindholm, T. (2009). Post decision consolidation and distortion of facts. Judgment and Decision Making, 4, 397-407.
Hirvikoski, T., Lindholm, T., Nordenström, A., Nordström, A.-L.., & Lajic, S. (2009). High self-perceived stress and many stressors, but normal diurnal cortisol rhythm, in adults with ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder). Hormones and Behavior, 55, 418-424.
Lindholm, T., Sjöberg, R. L., Pedroletti, C., Bohman, A., Sund, A., & Lindblad, F. (2009). Infants' and toddlers' remembering and forgetting of a stressful medical procedure. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 34, 205-216.
Sjöberg, R. L., & Lindholm, T. (2009). Återuppväckande av minnen saknar vetenskapligt stöd som behandling. Läkartidningen, 106, 226-227.
Yourstone, J., Fazel, S., Lindholm, T., & Grann, M. (2009). Gender differences in diagnoses of mentally disordered offenders. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 8, 172-177.
Hirvikoski, T., Nordenström, A., Lindholm, T., Lindblad, F., Ritzén, M., Wedell, A., & Lajic, S. (2008). Long-term follow-up of prenatally treated children at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia - Does Dexamethasone cause behavioural problems or psychopathology? European Journal of Endocrinology, 159, 309-316.
Öjmyr-Joelsson, M., Nisell, M., Christensson, K., Frenckner, B., & Lindholm, T. (2008). High and intermediate imperforate anus: Remembering and talking about medical treatment in early age. Pediatric Surgery International, 24, 1009-1015.
Yourstone, J., Lindholm, T., & Kristiansson, M. (2008). Women who kill: A comparison of the psychosocial background of female and male perpetrators convicted of lethal violence in Sweden between 1995-2001. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 31, 374-383.
Yourstone, J., Lindholm, T., Grann, M., & Svenson, O. (2008). Evidence of gender bias in legal insanity evaluations: A case vignette study of clinicians, judges, and students. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 62, 273-278.
Lindholm, T. (2008). Who can judge the accuracy of eyewitness statements? A comparison of professionals and lay-persons. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 22, 1301-1314.
Lindholm, T. (2008). Validity in judgments of high- and low- accurate witnesses of own and other ethnic groups. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 13, 107-120.
Eriksson, K., & Lindholm, T. (2007). Making gender matter: The role of gender-based expectancies and gender identification on women's and men's math performance in Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 48, 329-338.
Hirvikoski, T., Nordenström, A., Lindholm, T. Lindblad, F., Ritzén, M., Wedell, A., Lajic, S. (2007). Prenatal Dexametasone treatment of children at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia affects cognitive functions. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 92, 542-548.
Lindholm, T., & Bergvall, S. (2006). Diskriminering i vittnessammanhang: Resultat från ett social-kognitivt forskningspojekt. I J.Sarnecki (Red.) Är rättvisan rättvis? Tio perspektiv på diskriminering av etniska och religiösa minoriteter inom rättssystemet. Justitiedepartementet, Utredningen om makt, integration och strukturell diskriminering, SOU 2006:30.
Lindholm, T. (2006). Lika vittnen vittna bäst. Invandrare och minoriteter, 3, 33-35.
Lindholm, T. (2005). Fördomar och diskriminering ur ett socialpsykologiskt perspektiv: Klassiska problem i modern skepnad. I C. Diesen, C. Lernestedt, T. Lindholm, & T. Petterson (Red.), Likhet inför lagen? Borås: Natur och Kultur.
Lindholm, T. (2005). Group-based biases and validity in eyewitness credibility judgments: Examining effects of witness ethnicity and presentation modality. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 35, 1474-1501.
Lindholm, T. (2005). Own-age biases in verbal person memory. Memory, 13, 21-30.
Sjöberg, R. L., & Lindholm T. (2005). A systematic review of age-related errors in children's memories for voiding cysto-urethrograms (VCUG). European Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 14, 104-105.
Lindholm, T. (2005). Fördomar och diskriminering: Gamla problem i ny skepnad. Krönika på Stockholms polisförbunds hemsida. www.blaljus.nu
Lindholm, T. (2004). Etniska fördomar i vittnessituationer. Tidsskrift for Strafferett, 3, 316-329.
Sjöberg, R. L., & Lindholm, T. (2003). Decision-making and euthanasia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 182, 171-173.
Sjöberg, R. L., & Lindholm T. (2003). Gender biases in decisions on euthanasia among Swedish jurors. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 57, 469-471.
Lindholm, T. (1999). Group membership and eyewitness testimony. Department of Psychology, Stockholm University. Edsbruk: Akademitryck. (Doktorsavhandling).
Lindholm, T., & Christianson, S.-Å. (1998). Intergroup biases and eyewitness testimony. Journal of Social Psychology, 138:6, 710-723.
Lindholm, T., & Christianson, S.-Å. (1998). Gender effects in eyewitness accounts of a violent crime. Psychology, Crime & Law, 4, 323-329.
Lindholm, T. (1998). Vem pekar ut den skyldige? En fråga för vittnespsykologin. Victor, 1.
Christianson, S.-Å., & Lindholm, T. (1998). The fate of traumatic memories in childhood and adulthood. Development and Psychopathology, 10, 761-780.
Lindholm, T., Christianson, S.-Å., & Karlsson, I. (1997). Police officers and civilians as witnesses: Intergroup biases and memory performance, Applied Cognitive Psychology, 11, 431-444.
Juslin, P., Lindholm, T., & Christianson, S.-Å. (1996). Vittneskonfrontationer. I S.-Å. Christianson (Red.) Rättspsykologi. Borås: Natur och Kultur.
Lindholm, T., & Christianson, S.-Å. (1995). Vittnesmål och våldsbrott: Effekter av etnisk grupptillhörighet hos offer, vittne och gärningsman. PHS Rapport, 1995:1.
Christianson, S.-Å., & Lindholm, T. (1995). L'impact du stress sur la memoire des temoins oculaires. Psychologie Francaise., No 40-3, 223 233.
Conference papers
Lindholm, T., & Sikström, S. (2010). Investigating correct and incorrect statements of eyewitness testimony using semantic spaces. Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, NV, US.
Bäck, E. A., & Lindholm, T. (2010). Defending or challenging the status quo: position effects on biased intergroup perceptions. Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, NV, US.
Kusterer, H. L., Bäck E. A., & Lindholm, T. (2010). Social identity and gender: A Swedish version of the gender collective self-esteem scale. Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Las Vegas, NV, US.
Lindholm, T., & Sjöberg, R. L. Testimony as communication: An interactive analysis of eyewitness accuracy cues. Presentation at the symposia Interpersonal dimensions of remembering: Memory performance and biases in a social context, 21st Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, San Francisco, 2009.
Hedberg, P.-H., Lindholm, T., & Sikström, S. Investigating correct and incorrect statements of eyewitness testimony using semantic spaces. Presentation at the symposia Computational semantics in social psychology. 21st Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, San Francisco, 2009.
Sjöberg, R. L., Wallsten, T., Kjellin, L., & Lindholm, T. Accuracy of self-reports of stressful emotional events in real world settings. 21st Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, San Francisco, 2009.
Bäck, E., & Lindholm, T. Defending or challenging the status quo: Position effects on biased intergroup perception. 21st Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, San Francisco, 2009.
Bäck, E., & Lindholm, T. Status quo change: Bias differences in pro and con positions. Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Tampa, 2009.
Bäck, E., Gilljam, M., & Esaiasson, P., & Lindholm, T. The importance of issue importance: Judging origins of others' attitudes in a group decision situation. 15th General Meeting of the European Association for Experimental Social Psychology, Opatija, 2008.
Lindholm, T., & Sjöberg, R. L. Communication accuracy: An interactive analysis of eyewitness testimony. 15th General Meeting of the European Association for Experimental Social Psychology, Opatija, 2008.
Lindholm, T., & Sjöberg, R. L. Testimony as communication: an interactive analysis of eyewitness accuracy cues. Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Albuquerque, 2008.
Bäck, E., Gilljam, M., & Esaiasson, P., & Lindholm, T. The role of issue importance in biased biases regarding the origins of preferences. Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Albuquerque, 2008.
Lindholm, T. Communication and perception of eyewitness accuracy cues: An interactive analysis. Department of Psychology, Stockholm university, 2007.
Lindholm, T., Eriksson, K., & Memon, A. Memory conformity in eyewitness situations: Casual inferences and schematic gap-filling errors. EAESP Small Group Meeting, Italien, 2007.
Lindholm, T. Effects of ethnicity in judgments of crime perpetrator and witness: A comparison of police detectives and lay-persons. The Stockholm Criminology Symposium, Stockholm, 2007. (Invited speaker)
Lindholm, T., Bäck, E., Svenson, O., Gilljam, M., & Esaiasson, P. Decision-making in large groups: Group membership and post-decision consolidation. Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Memphis, 2007.
Stillström, H., Karlsson, K., & Lindholm, T. Ambivalent sexism and system justification in an egalitarian country. Annual Meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Memphis, 2007.
Bäck, E., Gilljam, M., & Esaiasson, P., & Lindholm, T. Attributional biases about the origins of preferences in a group-decision situation. The 2007 SPSP Group processes and Intergroup Relations preconference, Memphis, 2007.
Lindholm, T. Group membership and medical decision making. ESF-IfW Conference on the global health economy- New technology and medical decision making: Normative models and empirical practice, Kiel, Okt. 2006. (Invited speaker)
Lindholm, T., & Sjöberg, R. L. Who can judge the accuracy of eyewitness statements? (Some) professionals are better than lay-person. Association for Psychological Science, New York, 2006.
Hirvikoski, T., Nordenström, A., Lindholm, T. Lindblad, F., Ritzén, M., Wedell, A., & Lajic, S. Prenatal Dexametasone treatment of children at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia affects cognitive functions. Hormone research, 65, 122, 2006.
Hirvikoski, T., Nordenström, A., Lindholm, T. Lindblad, F., Ritzén, M., Wedell, A., & Lajic, S. Long-term effects of prenatal treatment with glucocorticoids in CAH. Hormone research, 65, 8-9, 2006.
Rehnman, J., Lindholm, T., & Herlitz, A. Why women remember women. Gender development research conference, San Fransisco, USA, April 2006.
Lindholm, T., & Eriksson, K. Stereotype threat effects of womens and men's math performance in Sweden. The protective role of gender identification. Annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, 2006, Palm Springs, CA, 2006.
Lindholm, T. Group-based biases and validity in eyewitness credibility judgments. 14th General meeting of the European Association for Experimental Social Psychology, Wurzburg, Juli, 2005.
Lindholm, T. Validity in judgments of eyewitness credibility: The role of witness ingroup/outgroup status and testimony presentation mode. The 15th European conference on Psychology and Law, Vilnius, Juli 2005.
Lindholm, T. Group-based biases and validity in eyewitness credibility judgments. The first Meeting of the Nordic Network for Research in Psychology and Law, Oslo, November 2004.
Yourstone, J., Lindholm, T., & Kristiansson, M. Woman who kill: A comparison of the psychosocial background of female and male perpetrators convicted for lethal violence in Sweden between 1995-2001. The first Meeting of the Nordic Network for Research in Psychology and Law, Oslo, November 2004; Association for Psychological Science, New York, 2006.
Lindholm, T., & Sjöberg R. L. Decision making and euthanasia. Value: A symposium in philosophy and empirical science, SCASSS, Uppsala, Juni 2004.
Lindholm, T. Eyewitness credibility judgments: The role of witness ethnicity and testimony presentation modality. The 4th Nordic conference of GRASP, Skövde, Maj 2004. ARC (Aging research center), Stockholm, Mars 2004.
Lindholm, T. Own-age biases in verbal person memory. The 5th Biennial Conference of SARMAC, Aberdeen, Scotland, Juli 2003.
Lindholm, T. Group-based biases and validity in eyewitness credibility judgments: Examining the role of presentation media. The 13th General Meeting of the EAESP, San Sebastian; Spanien, Juni 2002; SCASSS (Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences), Uppsala, Maj 2002.
Lindholm, T. The effects of glucocorticoids on cognitive functions. The first meeting of PREDEX (Prenatal assessment and treatment of CAH with dexamethasone), Astrid Lindgrens Childrens Hospital, Karolinska Hospital, Mars 2001.
Lindholm, T. Group membership and eyewitness testimony. Psychological Institute, Universität Bonn, Tyskland, Juni 1999.
Lindholm, T., Christianson, S.-Å., & Karlsson. Police officers and civilians as witnesses: Intergroup biases and memory performance. The 7th European Conference on Psychology and Law, Stockholm, September 1997.
Lindholm, T., & Christianson, S.-Å, Gender differences in eyewitness accounts of violent crimes. The 5th European Congress of Psychology, Dublin, Juli 1997.
Lindholm, T. Intergroup biases in eyewitness testimony; The effects of witness and perpetrator ethnicity on a witness perception and memory of a violent crime. The 11th General Meeting of European Association of Experimental Social Psychology, Gmunden, Juli 1996.
Lindholm, T. Differential perception and eyewitness testimony: The effect of social stereotypes in a witness situation. European Group for Process Tracing studies of Decision Making (EGPROC), Salzburg, April 1995.
Memberships
American Psychological Association
European Association of Experimental Social Psychology
European Association of Psychology and Law
The Society for Personality and Social Psychology
The Society for Applied Research in Memory and Cognition
